受験の難単語メモ（６）exhortation

2018の慶應の問題で次のような英文が出てくる。

（１）These pervasive exhortations to individual action ― in corporate ads, school textbooks, and the campaigns of mainstream environmental groups, especially in the west ― seem as natural as the air we breathe. But we could hardly be worse-served.

これは相当難単語なんじゃないか。少なくとも受験生の時の僕は知らなかった。

これは奨励、説教、忠告などの意味。

オックスフォード英英の定義ではan address or communication emphatically urging someone to do somethingとあり分かりやすい。動詞はexhortでロングマンの定義はto try very hard to persuade someone to do somethingとなっており、類義語にurgeとある。次の例文が挙がっている。

（２）Police exhorted the crowd to remain calm.

入試問題から例を一つ。

（３）When all were assembled, the priest, after walking in solemn state round the altar, besprinkled it with a mixture of meal and holy water, after which he also besprinkled the assembled worshippers, and exhorted them to join with him in prayer. （新潟薬科大）